Canine Parvovirus and Distemper: Research Hub and Index

Every study behind these pages, in one place. Where the paper is open access and its license allows redistribution, we host the PDF so you can download it directly. For copyrighted and paywalled work, we link to the publisher so you can read it at the source. When in doubt about a license, we link out rather than host.

Canine parvovirus (CPV): vaccines, reviews, and antivirals

• Sabyrzhan et al. (2025). Co-infection of canine parvovirus and canine circovirus in dogs with gastroenteritis (Kazakhstan). Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 15:1645697.

  Download PDFCC BY, Frontiers

• Pearce, Spibey, Sutton & Tarpey (2023). Development of a novel canine parvovirus vaccine capable of stimulating protective immunity in four-week-old puppies in the face of high maternal antibodies (Nobivac DP PLUS). Vaccines 11(9):1499.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI Vaccines

• Zhou et al. (2025). Overview of recent advances in canine parvovirus research: current status and future perspectives. Microorganisms 13(1):47.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI Microorganisms

• Su et al. (2024). Transcriptional differential analysis of the nitazoxanide-mediated anti-canine-parvovirus effect in F81 cells. Viruses 16(2):282.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI Viruses

• Zhou et al. (2019). Inhibitory effects of antiviral drug candidates on canine parvovirus in F81 cells (nitazoxanide identified from a screen). Viruses 11(8):742.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI Viruses

Canine distemper (CDV): antivirals and treatment

• Oliver-Guimerá, Murphy & Keel (2025). The nucleoside analog GS-441524 effectively attenuates in vitro replication of multiple lineages of circulating canine distemper viruses. Viruses 17(2):150.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI Viruses

• Candela & Ortega (2025). Canine distemper virus: advances, challenges, and One Health perspectives (special issue editorial). Viruses 17(12):1630.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI Viruses

• Gastelum-Leyva et al. (2022). Silver nanoparticles in non-neurological and neurological canine distemper: a randomized clinical trial (n=207). Viruses 14(11):2329.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI Viruses

• Xue et al. (2019). Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir (T-705) against canine distemper virus infection in vitro. BMC Veterinary Research 15:316.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, BMC Vet Res

• Camero et al. (2022). ERDRP-0519 inhibits feline coronavirus in vitro (morbillivirus-family polymerase inhibitor). BMC Veterinary Research 18:55.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, BMC Vet Res

• de Carvalho et al. (2017). 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside, a thiopurine nucleoside with antiviral activity against canine distemper virus in vitro. Virology Journal 14:141.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, Virology Journal

• Giuliani et al. (2018). In vivo nose-to-brain delivery of the hydrophilic antiviral ribavirin by microparticle agglomerates. Drug Delivery 25(1):376-387.

  Download PDFCC BY, Drug Delivery (T&F)

• Sarchahi, Arbabi & Mohebalian (2025). Effects of phenobarbital and prednisolone on the neurological signs of canine distemper. Veterinary Medicine and Science 11(5):e70479.

  Download PDFCC BY, Wiley Vet Med Sci

Canine distemper (CDV): neuropathology and neurological sequelae

• Rendón-Marín et al. (2019). Tropism and molecular pathogenesis of canine distemper virus (review). Virology Journal 16:30.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, Virology Journal

• Ulrich et al. (2014). Transcriptional changes in the brain favor a biphasic pattern of demyelination in canine distemper. PLOS ONE 9(4):e95917.

  Download PDFCC BY, PLOS ONE

• Klemens et al. (2019). Neurotoxic potential of reactive astrocytes in canine distemper demyelinating leukoencephalitis. Scientific Reports 9:11689.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, Nature Sci Rep

• Attig et al. (2019). Reactive oxygen species are key mediators of demyelination in canine distemper leukoencephalitis but not in Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20(13):3217.

  Download PDFCC BY 4.0, MDPI IJMS

• Lempp et al. (2014). New aspects of the pathogenesis of canine distemper leukoencephalitis (review). Viruses 6(7):2571-2601.

  Download PDFCC BY 3.0, MDPI Viruses

• Spitzbarth et al. (2016). Immunohistochemical and transcriptome analyses indicate complex breakdown of axonal transport mechanisms in canine distemper leukoencephalitis. Brain and Behavior 6(9):e00472.

  Download PDFCC BY, Wiley Brain & Behavior

• Lowrie & Garosi (2017). Classification of involuntary movements in dogs: myoclonus and myotonia (relevant to distemper myoclonus). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 31(5):1531-1538.

  Download PDFCC BY-NC, Wiley JVIM

• Pinheiro et al. (2019). Mesenchymal stem cells in dogs with demyelinating leukoencephalitis as a model for multiple sclerosis. Heliyon 5(6):e01857.

  Download PDFCC BY-NC-ND, Cell Press Heliyon

• de Carvalho et al. (2012). Immunopathogenic and neurological mechanisms of canine distemper virus (review). Advances in Virology 2012:163860.

  Download PDFCC BY, Advances in Virology

Read at the publisher (copyrighted or paywalled)

• ASPCA (2024). Canine distemper virus: treatment (clinical guideline).

  Read at publisherCopyright ASPCA, aspcapro.org

• Krumm et al. (2014). An orally available, small-molecule polymerase inhibitor (ERDRP-0519) protects against lethal morbillivirus infection in a large animal model. Science Translational Medicine 6(232):232ra52.

  Read at publisherPaywalled, Science Translational Medicine

• Vandevelde & Zurbriggen (2005). Demyelination in canine distemper virus infection: a review. Acta Neuropathologica 109(1):56-68.

  Read at publisherPaywalled, Springer

• Yu et al. (2025). Tocilizumab binds to the canine IL-6 receptor and elicits an in-vitro inhibitory biological response. Frontiers in Veterinary Science.

  Read at publisherFrontiers (DOI pending confirmation)

• Lim et al. (2024). Canine parvovirus monoclonal antibody (CPMA) challenge study: 0% versus 57% mortality (basis for the Trutect/TrueTect approval). JAVMA 262(4).

  Read at publisherPaywalled, AVMA

• dos Santos, Joaquim & Cassu (2022). Acupuncture in the neurological sequelae of canine distemper. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies 15(4):238-247.

  Read at publisherOpen access, JAMS (publisher site offline)

This library covers the core studies cited across these pages. Many more open-access papers (from MDPI, Frontiers, PLOS, BMC, and PMC) are referenced in the full syntheses linked above. If you need a specific paper that isn't listed, the citations in each page carry the DOI so you can find it at the source.