Canine Parvovirus & Distemper: Research Library

This is the reference library that sits underneath the canine parvovirus and canine distemper research on this site. Every entry links straight to its DOI or publisher. Where a paper is open access and freely re-distributable, its PDF is hosted here so you can download it in one click, no paywall, no login. Where a paper is paywalled, the link takes you to the publisher's landing page. A handful of newer findings are still being indexed and are marked accordingly rather than given an invented link.

For the narrative syntheses that draw on these sources, see the distemper treatment synthesis and the CPV research pages.

70References

31Hosted PDFs

4Topic groups

The reference library

Grouped by topic. Download PDF means the open-access file is hosted here. A plain DOI link goes to the publisher (open or paywalled). Items marked citation pending are recent findings not yet publicly indexed, shown without a fabricated link.

CPV: treatment, prevention & diagnostics

Tarpey et al. (2023). Nobivac DP PLUS recombinant CPV-2c challenge study. Vaccines 11(9):1499 (PMC10534519) https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11091499. Download PDF
Ulas et al. (2023). Four-arm antiviral trial in CPV (IFN-omega best, 85.7%). J Vet Sci (PMC10839179) https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.23139. Download PDF
NTZ mechanism transcriptomic study (G2/M arrest, JAK-STAT). Viruses 16(2):282, 2024 (PMC10892128) https://doi.org/10.3390/v16020282. Download PDF
CPV advances review (CPV-2c, vaccine gaps, treatment landscape). Microorganisms 13(1):47, 2025 (PMC11767475) https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13010047. Download PDF
Pereira et al. (2018). Fecal microbiota transplantation in CPV enteritis RCT. J Vet Intern Med (PMC5867004) https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15072. Download PDF
NTZ drug screen of 1,430 FDA-approved drugs against CPV. Viruses 11(8):742, 2019 (PMC6724046) https://doi.org/10.3390/v11080742. Download PDF
CPV-circovirus co-infection (Kazakhstan). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2025 https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1645697. Download PDF
Martin et al. (2002). Treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis with interferon-omega, placebo-controlled challenge trial. Vet Microbiol 89(2-3):115-27 (PMID 12243889) https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00173-6.
de Mari et al. (2003). IFN-omega placebo-controlled field trial. Vet Rec 152(4):105-8 (PMID 12572939) https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.152.4.105.
Pedroza-Roldán et al. (2014/2015). Genotyping of canine parvovirus in western Mexico. J Vet Diagn Invest 27(1):107-11 (PMID 25525144) https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638714559969.
Venn et al. (POPS Trial) (2017). Evaluation of an outpatient protocol in canine parvoviral enteritis. J Vet Emerg Crit Care 27(1):52-65 (PMID 27918639) https://doi.org/10.1111/vec.12561.
Lim et al. (2024). CPMA monoclonal challenge study (0% vs 57% mortality); basis for Trutect approval. JAVMA 262(4) Read at source.
(Jalisco field PDF) Parvovirus CPV-2c en Jalisco. Local NotebookLM/AI-generated briefing PDF. citation pending / not yet indexed
Pedroza-Roldán et al. (2024). First complete CPV-2c genomes from Mexico (T226S, F267Y, A440T). citation pending / not yet indexed
Pedroza-Roldán et al. (2026). CPV-2c cytokine panel (low IFN-gamma = survival; high IL-6/IL-8/MCP-1/IL-10 = poor outcome). citation pending / not yet indexed
Cornell tocilizumab / canine IL-6 receptor study. Front Vet Sci Sept 2025 citation pending / not yet indexed
Winston et al. (2025). FMT for CPV, 18-institution consortium (ongoing). JAVMA 2025 citation pending / not yet indexed
Guallasamín-Quisilema et al. (2023). Ecuador outpatient CPV (85.3% survival; CRP/lactate biomarkers). citation pending / not yet indexed

CDV: antivirals & acute-phase treatment

Oliver-Guimerá, Murphy & Keel (2025). The nucleoside analog GS-441524 effectively attenuates in vitro replication of multiple lineages of circulating canine distemper viruses. Viruses 17(2):150 https://doi.org/10.3390/v17020150. Download PDF
Candela & Ortega (2025). Canine distemper virus: special issue editorial. Viruses 17(12):1630 https://doi.org/10.3390/v17121630. Download PDF
ASPCA (2024). Canine distemper virus — Treatment (clinical guideline). Read at source. Download PDF
Krumm et al. (2014). Orally available polymerase inhibitor (ERDRP-0519) vs lethal morbillivirus in a large animal model. Sci Transl Med 6(232):232ra52 https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.3008517.
Gastelum-Leyva et al. (2022). Silver nanoparticles in non-neurological & neurological distemper RCT (n=207). Viruses 14(11):2329 https://doi.org/10.3390/v14112329. Download PDF
Xue et al. (2019). Antiviral efficacy of favipiravir against CDV in vitro. BMC Vet Res 15(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-2057-8. Download PDF
Camero et al. (2022). ERDRP-0519 inhibits feline coronavirus in vitro. BMC Vet Res 18(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-022-03153-3. Download PDF
de Carvalho et al. (2017). 6-methylmercaptopurine riboside antiviral vs CDV in vitro. Virol J 14(1) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-017-0785-6. Download PDF
Rendón-Marín et al. (2019). Tropism and molecular pathogenesis of CDV. Virol J 16 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1136-6. Download PDF
Elia et al. (2008). In vitro efficacy of ribavirin against CDV. Antiviral Res 77(2):108-113 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.09.004.
Scagliarini et al. (2006). In vitro antiviral activity of ribavirin against CDV. Vet Res Commun 30(S1):269-272 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-006-0058-0.
Trejo-Avila et al. (2014). Anti-CDV activity of fucoidan from Cladosiphon okamuranus. VirusDisease 25(4):474-480 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-014-0228-6.
Loots et al. (2017). Advances in CDV pathogenesis research: a wildlife perspective. J Gen Virol 98(3):311-321 https://doi.org/10.1099/jgv.0.000666. Download PDF
Arbabi et al. (2022). Anti-Newcastle disease vaccine serum on dogs with canine distemper. Veterinaria México OA 9 https://doi.org/10.22201/fmvz.24486760e.2022.1044. Download PDF
Giuliani et al. (2018). Nose-to-brain delivery of ribavirin. Drug Deliv 25(1) https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2018.1428242. Download PDF
Sánchez Palomino et al. (2022). Canine distemper, clinical update. Acta Scientific Vet Sci 4(3):45-51 https://doi.org/10.31080/asvs.2022.04.0329.
Amruth Kumar & Sirisha (2025). Diagnostic and therapeutic management of canine distemper. Int J Vet Sci Anim Husb 10(12):253-256 https://doi.org/10.22271/veterinary.2025.v10.i12d.2826.
Liu et al. (2016). Xenogeneic anti-CDV antibodies in distemper puppies. J Small Anim Pract 57(11):626-630 https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13719.
Huiming, Chaomin & Meng (2005). Vitamin A for treating measles in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev CD001479 https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD001479.pub3.
Sudfeld, Návar & Halsey (2010). Effectiveness of measles vaccination and vitamin A treatment. Int J Epidemiol 39(Suppl 1):i48-i55 https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyq021. Download PDF
Deem et al. (2000). Canine distemper in terrestrial carnivores: a review. J Zoo Wildl Med 31(4):441-451 https://doi.org/10.1638/1042-7260(2000)031[0441:CDITCA]2.0.CO;2.

CDV: neurological sequelae, myoclonus & demyelination

Sarchahi, Arbabi & Mohebalian (2025). Effects of phenobarbital and prednisolone on neurological signs of canine distemper. Vet Med Sci 11(5):e70479 https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70479. Download PDF
Tipold, Vandevelde & Jaggy (1992). Neurological manifestations of CDV infection. J Small Anim Pract 33(10):466-470 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5827.1992.tb01024.x.
Caviness (2014). Treatment of myoclonus. Neurotherapeutics 11(1):188-200 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-013-0216-3.
Latorre et al. (2024). Diagnostic utility of clinical neurophysiology in jerky movement disorders. Mov Disord Clin Pract 12(3):272-284 https://doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.14306. Download PDF
Zurbriggen et al. (1995). CDV persistence via noncytolytic selective virus spread. J Virol 69(3):1678-1686 https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.69.3.1678-1686.1995. Download PDF
Meertens et al. (2003). Reduction of virus release/cell-cell fusion in persistent CDV. Acta Neuropathol 106 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-003-0731-0.
Vandevelde & Zurbriggen (2005). Demyelination in CDV infection: a review. Acta Neuropathol 109(1):56-68 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-004-0958-4.
Klemens et al. (2019). Neurotoxic potential of reactive astrocytes in CDV leukoencephalitis. Sci Rep 9(1) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48146-9. Download PDF
Attig et al. (2019). Reactive oxygen species as mediators of demyelination in CDV leukoencephalitis. Int J Mol Sci 20(13):3217 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20133217. Download PDF
Lempp et al. (2014). New aspects of CDV leukoencephalitis pathogenesis. Viruses 6(7):2571-2601 https://doi.org/10.3390/v6072571. Download PDF
Spitzbarth et al. (2016). Breakdown of axonal transport in CDV leukoencephalitis. Brain Behav 6(7) https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.472. Download PDF
Moro et al. (2003). Apoptosis in the cerebellum of dogs with distemper. J Vet Med Ser B 50(5):221-225 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0450.2003.00657.x.
Gülersoy, Ok & Sevinç (2020). Old dog encephalitis: a rare form of canine distemper. Kocatepe Vet J https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.610338.
Ulrich et al. (2014). Transcriptional changes favor biphasic demyelination in CDV. PLOS ONE 9(4):e95917 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095917. Download PDF
Koutinas et al. (2002). Clinical signs vs pathological changes in 19 cases of CDV encephalomyelitis. J Comp Pathol 126(1):47-56 https://doi.org/10.1053/jcpa.2001.0521.
Lowrie & Garosi (2017). Classification of involuntary movements in dogs: myoclonus and myotonia. J Vet Intern Med 31(4):979-987 https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.14771. Download PDF
Linder et al. (2024). Levetiracetam for suspected myoclonic seizures: five dogs. J Small Anim Pract 65(6):402-408 https://doi.org/10.1111/jsap.13719.
Pinheiro et al. (2019). MSCs in dogs with demyelinating leukoencephalitis (MS model). Heliyon 5(6):e01857 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01857. Download PDF
Brunel et al. (2022). Retrospective MSC therapy in dogs with CDV neurological complications. Braz J Sci 1(11) https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v1i11.191.
dos Santos, Joaquim & Cassu (2022). Acupuncture in dogs with neurological sequels of distemper. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 15(4):238 https://doi.org/10.51507/j.jams.2022.15.4.238. Download PDF
Değirmençay (2023). Ribavirin & proanthocyanidin in canine distemper. Türk Doğa ve Fen Dergisi https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1244940.
de Carvalho et al. (2012). Immunopathogenic and neurological mechanisms of CDV. Advances in Virology 2012:1-10 https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/163860. Download PDF
de Aguiar et al. (2012). CDV + Toxoplasma co-infection with neuro signs. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 64(1):221-224 https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-09352012000100032.
Keerthi et al. (2022). Histopathological & molecular studies on canine distemper. JIVA 20(2):93-96 https://doi.org/10.55296/jiva/20.2.2022.93-96.
Rashid, Ashraf & Iftikhar (2022). Chorea: a sequela of canine distemper. Adv Anim Vet Sci 10(9):1969-1976 https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.aavs/2022/10.9.1969.1976.

Human-neurology background (myoclonus & botulinum toxin)

Brown et al. (1991). Axial myoclonus of propriospinal origin. Brain https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.brain.a101857.
Bono et al. (2012). Botulinum toxin in myoclonus from peripheral nerve injury. Eur J Neurol 19(9) https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1331.2012.03780.x.
Ibrahim & Osman (2020). Spinal myoclonus, Sudan. Sudan J Med Sci 15(2):218-222 https://doi.org/10.18502/sjms.v15i2.7272.
Anis & Pollak (2013). Palatal myoclonus + botulinum toxin. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2013 https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/231505.
Varney, Demetroulakos & Fletcher (1996). Palatal myoclonus, botulinum toxin. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 114(2):317-320 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989670194-8.
Unger (2016). Acupuncture for segmental myoclonus after trauma. Med Acupunct 28(1):56-58 https://doi.org/10.1089/acu.2015.1116.

Individual paper pages

Each of the 31 hosted open-access papers also has its own indexable page: full citation, a factual one-line note on why it matters, the DOI, and a direct PDF download.

Reference set compiled from the DogHealth PDF library manifest (60 unique works, 70 catalogued entries), deduplicated across the CPV and distemper research. Open-access status was classified by publisher license; MDPI, Frontiers, PLOS, BMC, Heliyon, Scientific Reports, PMC-OA, and freely distributable government and society PDFs are hosted here under their open licenses. Paywalled works link to the publisher only.

This library is provided for clinical information and is not a substitute for hands-on veterinary care. Treatments described in the underlying literature as experimental or off-label are exactly that, and should be considered only in consultation with a qualified veterinarian and with informed owner consent.